The hypothesis of this thesis is that smallholder tree-farming systems are viable agricultural and natural resources management systems that contribute significantly to global environmental goals and local economic objectives. The thesis supports the hypothesis by reviewing global and Asian trends of deforestation, human population growth, and demand for forest and tree products. The potential of smallholders’ treebased systems to expand regional forest resources, produce forest products and services, and contribute to local livelihoods for rural communities is discussed. Strategies to transform traditional smallholders’ systems into market-oriented systems to better serve environmental and economic goals are also discussed. Most of the research presented in this thesis was conducted in Indonesia and the Philippines.

Authors: Roshetko, J.M.

Subjects: farming system, carbon sinks, livelihoods

Publication type: Publication, Thesis

Year: 2013