Restoration 
Plantations and tree crop commodities 
Enhanced nutrition and food security 
Biodiversity, safeguarding and conservation 
Nationally determined contributions 
Bioenergy and biomaterials 
Blue carbon and peatlands 
Climate change adaptation 
Landscape governance 
Gender 
Silvopastoral systems 
Market-based agroforestry-forestry 
Farm-forest policy interface 
Agroecology 
Livelihood trajectory modelling and assessment 
Inclusive finance and business models 
Innovating finance for sustainable landscapes 
Public and private commitments to zero deforestation 
Orphan tree crops 
Effectiveness of approaches to sustainable supply 
Quality of FTA research for development 
Sentinel landscapes 
Foresight 
Seeds and seedlings delivery systems 
Smallholder tree-crop commodities 
The tropics represent a particular area of concern for conservation and development as they have endured unprecedented levels of environmental degradation, limited development relative to temperate areas, and have high concentrations of extreme poverty and malnutrition (Curtis et al. 2018; Song et al. 2018). The stakes are very high, as the tropics also host a disproportionately large share of global biodiversity with areas vulnerable to climate change (Barlow et al. 2018).
Authors:
Reed, J.; Ickowitz, A.; Chervier, C.; Djoudi, H.; Moombe, K.B.; Ros-Tonen, M.; Yanou, M.; Yuliani, E.L.; Sunderland, T.C.H.
Subjects:
landscape
Publication type:
Chapter-R, Publication
Year:
2020
