Restoration 
Plantations and tree crop commodities 
Enhanced nutrition and food security 
Biodiversity, safeguarding and conservation 
Nationally determined contributions 
Bioenergy and biomaterials 
Blue carbon and peatlands 
Climate change adaptation 
Landscape governance 
Gender 
Silvopastoral systems 
Market-based agroforestry-forestry 
Farm-forest policy interface 
Agroecology 
Livelihood trajectory modelling and assessment 
Inclusive finance and business models 
Innovating finance for sustainable landscapes 
Public and private commitments to zero deforestation 
Orphan tree crops 
Effectiveness of approaches to sustainable supply 
Quality of FTA research for development 
Sentinel landscapes 
Foresight 
Seeds and seedlings delivery systems 
Smallholder tree-crop commodities 
Although the term “landscape approach” was initially coined by the conservation biologist Reed Noss in 1983, it was not until after the 1992 Rio Summit that the term gathered momentum in the conservation and development lexicon. The promise and potential of landscape approaches have been central tenets in the sustainable development discourse since then. Numerous institutions, including CIFOR, have integrated landscape approaches (ILA) within their research and development strategies.
Authors:
Sunderland, T.C.H.; Reed, J.; Ros-Tonen, M.
Subjects:
landscape
Publication type:
Chapter-R, Publication
Year:
2020
