Restoration 
Plantations and tree crop commodities 
Enhanced nutrition and food security 
Biodiversity, safeguarding and conservation 
Nationally determined contributions 
Bioenergy and biomaterials 
Blue carbon and peatlands 
Climate change adaptation 
Landscape governance 
Gender 
Silvopastoral systems 
Market-based agroforestry-forestry 
Farm-forest policy interface 
Agroecology 
Livelihood trajectory modelling and assessment 
Inclusive finance and business models 
Innovating finance for sustainable landscapes 
Public and private commitments to zero deforestation 
Orphan tree crops 
Effectiveness of approaches to sustainable supply 
Quality of FTA research for development 
Sentinel landscapes 
Foresight 
Seeds and seedlings delivery systems 
Smallholder tree-crop commodities 
Tropical forests play a central role in keeping global warming in check. They store important carbon stocks, but each year deforestation or agriculture-related land degradation activities release about a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide.
REDD+ (Reducing Emissions caused by Deforestation and forest Degradation), a policy initiative designed as an incentive to conserve tropical forests and curb emissions — often referred to as the Warsaw Framework — was under discussion from 2005, adopted at COP 19 U.N. climate talks in 2013 and recognized under the 2015 Paris Agreement.
At first REDD+ was conceived as a means for industrialized countries to pay forest owners and users in the Global South for delivering tangible results that would reduce emissions and contribute to efforts to meet global climate targets.
